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Piles are dilated rectal vein radicles within the anal canal. Hemorrhoid is the medical term for the pile. Veins, in comparison to arteries, have thin walls, making them vulnerable to backpressure, which can cause them to become tortuous.

Veins

Superior, middle, and inferior rectal veins are the three types of veins in the groin. A blockage or increase in pressure in these veins can lead to piles. Two types exist, depending on the circumstance. They are the outside and inside types.

1) Piles on the outside:

Outside the anal opening, these piles are visible and are covered by skin.

The colour may be black or brown.

The abundant nerve supply in this area makes this type of pile extremely painful.

2) Piles inside:

It’s located on the inside of the anal canal and anal orifice.

It is reddish-purple in colour and is covered by a mucous membrane.

These piles do not cause much discomfort.

However, Internal and external piles can sometimes coexist in the same person.

Risk factors include

1. Animals with erect postures have piles. The effect of gravity causes congestion in the rectal veins.
2. People who have chronic constipation are more likely to have it.
3. Lack of fibre in the diet
4. Because the uterus compresses the rectal veins, some women develop piles during pregnancy.
5. Cancerous rectum lesions can obstruct blood flow, resulting in piles.

Piles Symptoms

Discomfort, External piles cause pain, which is exacerbated during defaecation.

Bleeding; pressing for the stool possible causes. In some cases, there may be a lot of blood.

A protruding mass is a mass that protrudes from the surface of the body. The swelling around the anal orifice is noticeable in external piles. Internal piles can be felt at first but are not visible.

The piles will protrude during stool as the disease progresses and will go inside automatically.

The protruded piles will not return to the anus as the condition deteriorates.

Mucus discharge and itching around the anal orifice may occur in some cases.

Piles complications

• Infection: Septicaemia can result from an infection that spreads to deep veins.
• Fibrosis: The anal orifice hardens and the piles become fibrosed.
• Thrombosis: Blood clots in the piles can obstruct blood flow.
• Gangrene: Due to a lack of blood supply, the tissues in the piles and the surrounding skin die.
• Suppuration: When piles suppurate, an abscess can form with pus discharge.

Treatment consists of the following steps:

• Treat symptoms
• It is necessary to treat constipation.
• Iron should be given if anaemia exists.
• Under local anaesthesia, the thrombosed external pile is removed.
• Sclerosant injection therapy can help to reduce piles’ size.
• In some cases, rubber band ligation around the piles’ necks is beneficial.
• Cryosurgery has a high success rate.
• Constipation and pain can be relieved by anal dilation.
• The surgical removal of piles is known as

Prevention.

• Include fruits and vegetables in your diet.
• Consume foods that are high in fibre.
• Maintain a consistent meal schedule.
• Make sure you get enough water.
• Maintain bowel habits that are regular.
• Seek out constipation treatment.
• Regular medical check-up

• Health

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